The Truth About Hair Growth Treatments in the UK: What Works and What Doesn’t

Minoxidil

• One of the most widely used and recognised over-the-counter treatments in the UK (sold under brands such as Regaine).
• Available as a liquid or foam.
• Works by increasing blood flow to the scalp and keeping follicles in the growth phase longer.
• Effective for both men and women with androgenetic alopecia (pattern baldness).
• Requires consistent, long-term use to maintain results. If stopped, hair loss usually resumes within months.
• Results may take 3–6 months to appear.

Finasteride

• A prescription-only oral medication for men with pattern baldness.
• Lowers levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the hormone that shrinks hair follicles.
• Proven to slow hair loss and encourage regrowth in men.
• Not typically prescribed for women.
• Side effects can include reduced libido and erectile dysfunction in some cases.
• Continuous use is essential; stopping treatment usually leads to renewed hair loss.

Ketoconazole

• An antifungal shampoo (sold in the UK as Nizoral).
• Primarily treats dandruff and scalp conditions but may have mild benefits for hair loss due to its anti-inflammatory effects.
• Best used as a complementary option alongside Minoxidil or Finasteride, rather than as a primary treatment.

Evidence-Based Verdict:

In the UK, Minoxidil and Finasteride remain the gold-standard, first-line treatments for pattern hair loss. Ketoconazole can help with scalp health, but it is not considered a stand-alone therapy.

Biotin

Biotin is a B vitamin often promoted for hair, skin, and nail health, but true deficiency is rare in the UK since most people get enough from foods like eggs, nuts, and whole grains. Supplements are only useful if a genuine deficiency is present.

Iron and Zinc

Iron and zinc deficiencies are more common causes of hair shedding. Low iron, especially in women with heavy periods or restrictive diets, can trigger temporary shedding, while zinc plays a key role in cell repair and follicle health. Supplements can help if blood tests confirm low levels, but taking too much may be harmful.

Vitamin D and Omega-3s

Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to certain types of hair loss, including alopecia areata, while omega-3 fatty acids support scalp health through their anti-inflammatory properties. Both can be beneficial in cases of deficiency, though neither should be considered a miracle cure.

Evidence-Based Verdict:

Supplements should not be taken as a blanket solution. They only help if you have a diagnosed deficiency. A balanced diet remains the best way to support hair health.

Natural and Herbal Remedies

Essential Oils (Rosemary, Peppermint)

• Rosemary oil may improve scalp circulation; small studies suggest it could work similarly to Minoxidil if used consistently.
• Peppermint oil may also boost blood flow, but evidence is limited.
• Always dilute essential oils to avoid scalp irritation.

Aloe Vera, Onion Juice, Apple Cider Vinegar

• Aloe vera soothes and hydrates, but has no strong evidence for hair regrowth.
• Onion juice showed some potential in a small study for alopecia areata, but evidence is limited.
• Apple cider vinegar is sometimes used to improve scalp cleanliness, but has no proven effect on hair growth.

Evidence-Based Verdict:

Natural remedies may offer mild benefits but lack strong clinical evidence. They should only be considered complementary options alongside proven treatments like Minoxidil or Finasteride.

• Myth: "Shaving your head makes hair grow back thicker." Shaving your head does not make hair grow back thicker; it only cuts the hair shaft and has no effect on follicle thickness or growth rate.
• Myth: "Washing your hair too often causes hair loss." Washing your hair often does not cause hair loss, since the hairs that fall out are already at the end of their natural cycle.
• Myth: "Everyone needs supplements for hair growth." Supplements are not necessary for everyone; unless you have a deficiency, they won’t boost growth and may even be harmful.Truth: Unless you have a

Over-the-Counter Products That Don’t Work

Shampoos marketed for hair growth may improve scalp hygiene, but they do not actually stimulate regrowth. Similarly, laser combs and helmets use low-level laser therapy, yet the evidence is mixed and the NHS does not recommend them as a first-line option. Hair growth serums can give the appearance of thicker hair, but they also lack strong clinical backing.

You should speak to a doctor if you have:

• Sudden or severe hair loss (e.g., patchy bald spots, rapid shedding).
• Underlying health issues such as thyroid disorders, iron deficiency, or autoimmune conditions.
• Persistent, unexplained hair loss that is causing distress.

A GP can run tests to check for deficiencies or conditions, while dermatologists can offer targeted treatments, prescribe medications, and investigate more complex causes.

Conclusion

For people in the UK, the most effective evidence-based treatments for hair loss remain Minoxidil and Finasteride. Supplements and natural remedies may help if you have specific deficiencies or want to support scalp health, but they are not cures.

If you’re experiencing sudden or severe hair loss, or if you’re unsure about the best treatment, consult your GP or a dermatologist. Professional guidance ensures you don’t waste money on ineffective products and helps you choose safe, effective treatments for your situation.